Method of making anchors



. (No Model.) 2 sheets-'sheet 1.

. W. N. FISHER.

MBTHODVOP MAKING ANGHoRs-j No. 503,591. Patented Aug. 22,.1893'.

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` 2-SheetslSheet 2..

HORS. nted Aug. .22, 1893.

(No Model.)

W. N` FISHER- MBTHOD 0F MAKING ANG Pate 5E E E'. dm/

UNITED, STATES PATENT EEIQE.

WILLIAM N. FISHER, OF GLOUCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD oF MAKlNG ANoHoRs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,591, dated August 22, 1893.

Application led February 5, 1892. Serial NOAZOAS. (No specimens.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern: l

Be it known that I, WILLIAM N. FISHER, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the town of Gloucester, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Method of Making Anchors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in the method or process of making anchors, more particularly, iron stock anchors and all as hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section of bar iron from which it is assumed that the anchor arms, having the usual members will be formed. Figs. 2 and 2A represent in perspective two part forging dies for reducing the end portions of the bar Fig. 1, preparatory to overturning the extremities, and Fig. 2B the bar of Fig. 1 reduced by the working thereon of the two-part dies, Figs. 2 and 2A, and Fig. 3 is the bar having its end portion reduced and the extremity overturned. Fig. 4 is a central vertical sectional view longitudinally through a set of dies designed for the forging, from the overturned bar extremity, of the fluke or palm, and its point or bill. Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the last mentioned die members. Figs. 6 and 6A represent in side elevation and vertical section the male and female punch-dies for shearing offthe web or fin which may remain at the edges of the iiukes on coming from the last mentioned set of dies. Fig. 6B is a plan view of the female die of the last mentioned set of dies. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the anchor-arm and the linkes, 6to., formed thereon, all from the bar, Fig. 1, by means of the dies referred to. Figs. 8 and 8A illustrate a set of dies for effecting the union of the shank with the iukearms and for forging or swaging the Welded metal for imparting the desired shape at the throat of the anchor, one of the die members being shown in .side view and the other in vertical section. Fig. 8B is a plan View of the under die of the last mentioned set of dies. Fig. 9 is a view in section longitudinally through the lower portion of the shank or in other words at the junction of the shank with the fluke-arms.

The shank of the anchor is welded to the metal bar c Fig. 1, from which is made the fluke-arms B and their blades h, iiukes or palms f and points or bills g all by forging from it, in manner and by a die E, E', and a die F, F', to be presently described, and an anchor having fluke-arms B, blades h, Ilukes or palms f and points or bills g, all of one bar or piece of metal by so forging the same into shape between dies, constitutes the subject of separate application, Serial No. 420,452, for Letters Patent of the United States.

The die E, E consists of two similar members, upper and lower and each member at one endportion has working faces along its length and across its width so as to meet at an obtuse angle making an edge 32, and all so as to have a recess 30 of similar shape in each member. This die E, E is for forming the bar x, preparatory to its being forged with the flukes and other parts before referred to and it is used and works in and reduces said bar as is now to be explained. Said die members also have the transverse depressions, 33. The end of the iron or steel bar, which of course is understood as in a suitable condition to be forged, is placed between the die recesses, 30, 30, having its thickness reduced by the die as indicated in Fig. 2B on two or more diameters, by turning the bar as the dies are separated. This renders easy the overturning of the extremity, 34, as indicated in Fig. 3, leaving then, within the extreme end of the bar, approximately a double cross sectional bulk with the comparatively attenuated portion, 35, and all as is suitable and requisite for the production of the blade and palm or fluke and point. The end-portions of the dies having the depressions, 33, may be employed to facilitate in the overturning of the extreme portion, 34, of the bar, acting first to clamp or confine thepart, 34,while the main portion of the bar is turned angularly thereto, and then to force the turned exthe formation of the required members at the The meetextremities of the anchor-arms. ing faces of the two dies are curved corresponding to the general curvilinear course of the blade, and duke or palm and the lower die-member has within its concave face a depression, t', extending longitudinally fromA one Y end of the block 11earl57 to the other the said depression as seen at the left at 36, and as termi-A natin g at the end of the block, being substanf tially semi-circular in cross section, while the inner portion, 37 is offsquared cross sectional conformation gradually tapering in depth and slightly in width to correspond to the form of the blade and in part to the point of the anchor arm. The lower die block, F', also has within its upper curved face the shallow depressions, 38, of semi-heart shape the inner areas of which merge into the depression, 37. The upper die-member, F, has the depression in its under curved face, which as indicated at 39, at the left of Fig. 4, is of a semi-circu-l lar cross section, the same terminating at the end of the block, extended inwardly therefrom over and for a distance corresponding to that of the length of the depression, 36.

This depression widens at each side as at 40, having the heart conformation to overlie and comprise as to width the distance correspond'-l ing to the opposite borders of the depressions, 38, and terminatingin the contracted portion, 42. It will be noticed that the curved Vmeeting or matching faces of the die blocks, Fand F', are each of a step form the'lower die hav-v ing the rise at 41, where the depression, i, changes in its cross sectional contour from rounded to angular, the lower face of the upper blockbeing of matching form,and therefieof the forging die depressions in the set of dies for the duke, the greatest is in the lower block. The die-depressions of both die- Vblocks are surrounded bythe slight depressions, 43, for the escape of a surplusage of stock, so that of course the meeting faces of the dies may come together and leave the duke, blade and'point perfectly formed, with however the surrounding iin. The anchor armA extremity thus formed is subjected to the action of the shear dies indicated in Figs. 6, 6A and 6B for the removal of the dn. Of said dies G, is the female and fixed member, G', being Athe reciprocating member. lower die, G, has the aperture, 45,'vertically through it the plan of which is indicated in Fig. 6Band corresponds to the plan of the anchor-arm extremity, there being the recess, 46, for the free accommodation of the portion of the arm next to the fluke. The male inember, G', closely corresponds to the recesses, 45 and 46. The bar, w, on which the dukes, blades, and points have been forged as homo- The geneous members, (the dukes andblades having the curvature longitudinally)` is then curved between the dukes into the usual form for the arms. The bar y, making the shank of the anchor and formed as hereinafter explained with the holes, for the'stoek and ring of the anchor is swaged, forged or welded to the arc-formed and duke-provided arm before explained by forging dies, indicated in Figs.

8, 8A and 8B. The set of dies, H and l-I', are practically alike each having the longitudinal die depression, 50, extended from one end of the block, and the transverse curved die depression, 52, the said .depressions being widened at their junction as at 53, corresponding to the throat of the anchor, the depression, 52,'opposite the throat also havingthe increased width corresponding to the crown of the anchor.V The width of these dieblocks is shown as somewhat less than the distance between the points of the arms but sufficient however to have near the sides thereof the suitably separated depressions, 55, 56, for the reception ofthe portions of the dukes or palms and of the blade. The curved armforming-bar having its extremities forged as hereinbefore described is laid vin the depression of the lower die-block, being retained and steadied against movement transversely of its length by the engagement of portions of the dukes in the depressions, 55. The extremity of the bar, y, from whichthe shank is formed is placed across and upon the middle-of the arm-forming bar, the said barv ranging inthe line of the depress-ion, .50, Fig. 8A. The upper die-block descending and acting conjointly with the lsupporting die-block effects at once the welding of the shank forming bar to the arm-forming-bar, the bringing of the shank into theplane of the arms and IOC theforging of the stock'to impart thef increased thickness or fullness at the crown and throat.

An anchor produced by the method herein described constitutes the subjectvmatter of a separate application, Serial No. 420,452, for Letters Patent of the United States.

Of course in the description of the forego'- ing processes, it is understood that the metal is to be of suitable nature and in suitable condition to` besusceptible of the various forgings and welding, set Vforth and all of course as manifest to persons skilled in the artV ,to which this'invention pertains.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is- Y l. The improved method of making an anchor which consists in providing a bar of metal suitable for forging, overturning the end portions thereof and displacing the metal laterally to form as homogeneous members thepalms or dukes and forging the metal to otherwisev form the blades and points, curving the bar and welding the shank thereto.

2. The improved method of making an an- IIO chor from a bar of metal suitable for forging In testimony whereof l have hereunto set which consists in reducing the thickness of my hand in the presence of two subscribing the bar a short distance Within its ends by Witnesses.

forging, then overturning the end portions, WILLIAM-N. FISHER. 5 and by forging, displacing the metal later- Witnesses:

ally to form the flukes as homogeneous mem- ALBERT W. BROWN,

bers of the arms substantially as described. MARION E. BROWN. 

